2026-10-13 https://api.researchdata.se/oai-pmh

oai:researchdata.se:doi-10-17044-scilifelab-31316779/0 2026-02-13 subject:ssif:3 subject:ssif:10605 subject:ssif:106 subject:ssif:1 principal:slug:uppsala-university

info:eu-repo/semantics/other http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Dataset https://doi.org/10.17044/SCILIFELAB.31316779 Data: Plasma proteomic profile reveals persistent immune activation in post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4185-7409 Serena Fineschi Niklas Dahl Medical and Health Sciences Medicin och hälsovetenskap Immunology Immunologi Plasma proteomic profiling of 92 individuals with Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), assessed a mean of 34 months after acute infection, revealed a distinct inflammatory signature. Using proximity extension assay technology, 358 proteins were quantified, identifying 26 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in PASC: 23 upregulated and 3 downregulated. The most upregulated proteins were Oncostatin M (OSM) and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN). Additional increases were observed in IL-6, IL-12B, IL-2, CCL22, CSF3, CSF1, and HLA-DRA, as well as proteins involved in tissue remodeling and angiogenesis such as ANGPTL2 and TGFA. Random forest analysis confirmed IL1RN, OSM, ANGPTL2, HLA-DRA, and CLEC4A as strong discriminators between patients and controls. Gene set enrichment analysis demonstrated activation of multiple immune pathways, including Inflammatory Response, TNF-α/NF-κB signaling, IL-6/JAK/STAT3, IL-2/STAT5, and Allograft Rejection, indicating persistent activation of innate and adaptive immunity. STRING network analysis highlighted a tightly connected cytokine-driven inflammatory module. Plasma spike protein levels did not differ between patients and controls, suggesting that PASC-related inflammation may persist independently of ongoing viral replication. Overall, the findings indicate a consistent low-grade inflammatory state in PASC without evidence for distinct biological subtypes. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Uppsala University Uppsala universitet 2026-02-13T00:00:00Z